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What are the four main components to be tested in the standby power system?

Any online dual conversion uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system has four main components: rectifier; UPS battery; Inverter; And static bypass switch.

UPS rectifier

The UPS rectifier performs several key functions. The first is to convert the input power from AC (alternating current) to DC (direct current). Its second main function is to charge the battery, and the DC power supply can also be connected to the inverter.

Depending on the size of the UPS, the rectifier module may contain a battery charger. For smaller UPS systems (i.e. less than 3 kVA), it is not uncommon for rectifiers and battery chargers to be independent components.

UPS rectifier can accept wide input voltage fluctuation, which means that the system can handle overload or surge without using battery.

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UPS battery

The battery in the UPS system provides emergency power when the main power supply fails. A rectifier or separate charger ensures that the battery is always charged.

The UPS battery system shall have at least one series of batteries, and the number of batteries required depends on the DC voltage of the UPS. The batteries in the string are connected in series, so if a single battery fails, the whole string will also fail.

For smaller UPS systems, the battery is usually located inside the equipment. In larger solutions, UPS batteries are usually installed in their own separate cabinets. UPS inverter

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UPS inverter

This component completes the second half of the dual conversion by switching the DC voltage from the rectifier or battery back to the AC output that supplies the critical load.

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Static bypass switch

This component is a safeguard against UPS system failure. If the UPS fails, the static bypass switch will automatically connect the load to the main power supply, bypassing the rectifier, battery and inverter.

It is not ideal to have to transfer to the main power supply because the power supply will not be filtered or regulated like the online dual conversion UPS, but it does enable the equipment to continue to operate when the UPS is repaired or replaced

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