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Type of photovoltaic controller
When the battery is full, the output of the photovoltaic array is shunt to the internal parallel resistor or power module using electronic components, and then consumed in the form of heat. Because this method consumes heat energy, it is generally used for small, low-power systems, such as voltage within 12V, 20A systems. This type of controller is reliable and has no mechanical parts such as relays.
Use mechanical relays to control the charging process and cut off the photovoltaic array at night. It is generally used in higher power systems where the capacity of the relay determines the power level of the charge controller. It is relatively easy to manufacture series controllers with continuous current above 45A.
It switches the input of the photovoltaic array with PWM pulse. When the battery tends to be full, the frequency and time of the pulse are shortened. According to the research of the United States Sandia National Laboratory, this charging process forms a more complete charging state, which can increase the total cycle life of the battery in the photovoltaic system.
The MCU with CPU (such as Intel's MCS51 series or Microchip's PIC series) is used for high-speed real-time acquisition of the operating parameters of the photovoltaic power system, and according to certain control laws, the software program is used to cut off/on the single or multi-channel photovoltaic array. For medium and large photovoltaic power supply systems, it can also be remotely controlled through the RS232 interface of the single chip computer and the MODEM modem.
Multiply the voltage U and current I of the solar cell to obtain power P after detection, and then determine whether the output power of the solar cell at this time reaches the maximum. If it is not running at the maximum power point, adjust the pulse width, modulate the output duty ratio D, change the charging current, conduct real-time sampling again, and make a judgment on whether to change the duty ratio. Through this optimization process, the solar cell can always run at the maximum power point, so as to make full use of the output energy of the solar cell array. At the same time, PWM modulation mode is adopted to make the charging current become pulse current, in order to reduce the polarization of the battery and improve the charging efficiency.
Home energy storage product series
A lithium battery pack for home energy storage systems, which is compatible with solar panels and the sun The inverter can work together with the power grid to power household appliances, and it can also be used as a For off grid systems.
Extended reading
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