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Single battery thermal abuse test
With the improvement of the performance requirements of electronic devices, the reliability and safety of batteries have been paid more and more attention. Thermal abuse testing is an important means to evaluate the safety performance of batteries in high temperature environments. This paper will introduce in detail the purpose, operation steps, required equipment and related precautions of thermal abuse test of single battery.
Purpose of heat abuse testing
Safety assessment: By simulating extreme high temperature conditions, observe whether there is a failure or dangerous reaction of the battery to ensure its safety in the actual use process.
Performance analysis: Evaluate the performance changes of the battery in the high temperature environment, including capacity, internal resistance and cycle life, etc., to determine its reliability.
Protection mechanism verification: Modern batteries are usually equipped with overheat protection and temperature control mechanisms. Thermal abuse test can verify the effectiveness of these mechanisms.
Standard compliance: Through thermal abuse testing, ensure that the battery meets international safety standards and certification requirements, such as UN 38.3 standard.
the basic principle of heat abuse test
The thermal abuse test is performed by placing the single cell in a high temperature environment to observe its reaction under high temperature conditions. High temperature may lead to the acceleration of chemical reactions inside the battery, causing abnormal changes in voltage, current and temperature, further leading to battery failure, leakage, fire or explosion and other safety hazards. Therefore, the tests aim to identify potential safety risks and optimize the battery design.
the operation steps of heat abuse test
Preparation
Ensure that the testing environment has the necessary safety facilities and complies with the relevant laboratory operating procedures.
Select the single battery to be tested, and check the appearance of the battery to ensure no damage.
Equipment selection and preparation
Prepare a high temperature test chamber or temperature control equipment to ensure that the desired high temperature can be accurately set and achieved.
Prepare the monitoring device to record the temperature, voltage and current of the battery in real time.
Connect the battery
Use a suitable connection cable to connect the battery to be tested with the monitoring equipment to ensure good connection and avoid short circuit.
Set the test parameters
According to the test standard, set the temperature of the high temperature test chamber, usually 1.5 to 2 times the rated operating temperature of the battery.
Set the test duration, typically 1 to 24 hours, depending on the test requirements.
Run a heat abuse test
Start the high temperature test chamber, place the single battery in the set high temperature environment, and start the monitoring equipment.
Observe the state change of the battery during the heating process, and record the temperature, voltage, current and other parameters of the battery in time.
Data recording and monitoring
During the test, the parameters of the battery were regularly recorded, especially the voltage, temperature changes and any abnormal phenomena (such as smoke, liquid leakage, expansion, etc.).
If there are obvious abnormalities, the test should be stopped immediately and the battery should be safely disposed of.
End the test
Once the set time is reached or a significant abnormality is observed, remove the battery and allow it to cool in a safe environment.
Perform a visual inspection to see if there is any damage, leakage or other risk.
Data analysis and report
Organize and analyze the data collected during the test, write detailed test report, evaluate the performance and safety of the battery in the high temperature environment.
Required instruments and equipment
High temperature test box
It is used to provide a controlled high temperature environment to meet the temperature range required for testing.
Temperature monitor
The temperature change of the battery during the test was monitored in real time to ensure that it was within a controllable range.
Voltmeter and ammeter
The voltage and current of the battery are accurately measured to monitor the electrical performance of the battery under high temperature conditions.
Data logger
It is used to record the temperature, voltage and current data during the test, which is convenient for subsequent analysis.
Safety protection equipment
Including insulated gloves, goggles, high temperature protective clothing, etc., to ensure the safety of operators.
Precautions
Safety Regulations:
Strictly follow the laboratory safety procedures to ensure the safety of operators during the testing process, especially when dealing with high temperature batteries.
Stability monitoring:
During the experiment, the indicators of the battery should be continuously monitored, especially the battery temperature, to avoid accidents caused by high temperature.
Equipment calibration:
Ensure that the high temperature test chamber and monitoring equipment are calibrated before testing to provide accurate data.
Environmental Safety:
The test environment should be away from flammable and explosive materials, and equipped with appropriate fire extinguishing equipment to deal with possible emergencies.
Waste Disposal:
After testing, if the battery is found to be damaged or leaking, it should be properly disposed in accordance with local environmental regulations.
Conclusion
The thermal abuse test of single battery is an important part to ensure the safety of battery at high temperature. Through rigorous operation process and professional instruments and equipment, the reaction and performance of the battery under extreme high temperature conditions can be accurately evaluated, which provides necessary data support for improving the safety and reliability of the battery. When conducting thermal abuse testing, ensure that safety is always the primary guarantee. Through the scientific test method, it can provide more reliable guarantee for the practical application of battery and promote the sustainable development of battery technology.
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