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EPS inverter protection circuit analysis - overvoltage, overcurrent protection

Emergency power system (EPS) inverters play a vital role in power conversion and power management, but because of the variability of their working environment and load conditions, the design of protection circuits is particularly important. The effective protection circuit can ensure the safe and stable operation of the inverter and extend the service life of the equipment. This paper will discuss the protection circuit of EPS inverter, focusing on overvoltage and overcurrent protection.

Overvoltage protection

Overvoltage protection is a basic safety function in EPS inverters, its role is to cut off the power supply to protect the load and the inverter itself when the output voltage exceeds a predetermined safety threshold. Overvoltage protection is usually achieved by a voltage detection circuit that detects the voltage at the inverter output and compares it to a preset safe voltage level. Once an overvoltage is detected, the protection circuit responds immediately, cutting off the output or reducing the voltage to a safe level.

Overvoltage protection measures

Voltage monitoring circuit: Voltage sensor or varistor is usually used to monitor the input and output voltage of the inverter in real time.

Protective devices: such as transient voltage suppressor (TVS) and metal oxide varistor (MOV), etc., are widely used for overvoltage protection. These devices can quickly fail when the voltage is too high, channeling excess voltage into the ground wire, thereby protecting the inverter.

Control logic: Combined with the threshold set by the microcontroller (MCU) or digital signal processor (DSP), the inverter output is cut off or the output power is reduced immediately when an overvoltage situation is detected.

Overcurrent protection

Overcurrent protection is another important safety feature that prevents the inverter from continuing to operate when the current exceeds the safe limit, thereby avoiding potential fire risks and equipment damage. Overcurrent protection is usually achieved by monitoring the output current of the inverter, and once the current exceeds the set value, the protection circuit will quickly cut off the power supply.

Overcurrent protection measures

Current sensor: real-time monitoring of the output current of the inverter through devices such as Hall effect sensors or shunt resistors.

Fuse or circuit breaker: When overcurrent occurs, a certain current will fuse the fuse, thus cutting off the current. High performance circuit breakers reset and restore power automatically and close the circuit automatically when the overcurrent fault disappears.

Control logic: The MCU or DSP monitors the current status in real time, triggers the protection mechanism after exceeding the set value, and controls the inverter to stop output or limit power.

CONCLUSION

The protection circuit of EPS inverter is an important part to ensure the stable and reliable operation of the equipment. With effective overvoltage and overcurrent protection, inverters are able to ensure safety under various operating conditions.

next read : EPS inverter protection circuit analysis - temperature sensor

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The centralized power supply for fire emergency lighting is a kind of backup power supply equipment, which provides power guarantee for emergency lighting equipment to ensure that the on-site lighting equipment can operate normally in emergency situations such as fire. Provide a long-term backup power supply to meet the needs of the emergency lighting system.

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