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MPPT multi-point variable step size control algorithm
With the wide application of renewable energy, especially the development of photovoltaic Power generation technology, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm has become one of the important technologies to improve the efficiency of photovoltaic systems. MPPT technology is designed to adjust the working point of the photovoltaic power generation system in real time, so that it always runs at the maximum power point, so as to achieve the highest conversion and utilization of energy. This paper mainly introduces the basic principle, working mechanism and application effect of MPPT multi-point variable step control algorithm.
Background of maximum power point tracking (MPPT)
Under different lighting conditions of photovoltaic cells, the output power changes with the change of voltage and current. In order to obtain the maximum power point, the operating point of the photovoltaic module must be monitored and adjusted in real time. The design goal of MPPT algorithm is to quickly and accurately find the maximum power point of photovoltaic cells.
Characteristics of photovoltaic cells
The output power of photovoltaic cells is related to many factors such as light intensity, temperature and internal resistance of the cell. Whenever the environmental conditions change, the maximum power point of the photovoltaic system will also change accordingly, so an effective control strategy is needed for real-time tracking.
The basic method of MPPT
Common MPPT algorithms include:
Disturbed observation method (P&O)
Incremental Admittance (INC)
Fuzzy control method
Neural network method
Each of these algorithms has its own advantages and disadvantages and behaves differently in different application scenarios.
the basic principle
Multi-point tracking feature
The multi-point variable step size control algorithm is different from the traditional single point tracking method, and its biggest feature is that it can dynamically adjust between multiple operating points. By analyzing the power variation of photovoltaic arrays at different operating points, this method can quickly find multiple high-quality operating points and improve the overall power output.
Variable step size control mechanism
In this algorithm, "variable step size" refers to the dynamic adjustment of step size according to environmental conditions and power changes. Algorithms are usually divided into three stages:
Fast tracking stage: When the lighting changes sharply or the load changes suddenly, a larger step size is used to quickly approach the maximum power point.
Precision adjustment stage: When approaching the maximum power point, gradually reduce the step size in order to make fine adjustments near the maximum power point to avoid oscillating back and forth.
Steady-state tracking stage: In the steady state, the step size is kept small to ensure rapid response and timely adjustment when the mechanism changes.
Implementation of control algorithm
The implementation of the algorithm usually relies on the microprocessor or digital signal processor (DSP), which calculates the power value through real-time monitoring of voltage and current, and adjusts the control signal according to the power change to drive the inverter.
advantages
Quick response
The multi-point variable step control algorithm can quickly respond to the rapid change of illumination, quickly find the new maximum power point, and achieve efficient power output.
High precision
By dynamically adjusting the step size, this algorithm avoids the vibration effect of the traditional MPPT algorithm when approaching the maximum power point, and improves the tracking accuracy.
Good stability
In the case of frequent changes in light and temperature, the algorithm is always stable, reducing the energy loss caused by frequent adjustments.
Be flexible
The algorithm can be flexibly matched according to different photovoltaic system configurations and application scenarios, and can be applied to residential, commercial and industrial photovoltaic systems.
Application
Photovoltaic power generation system
The algorithm is widely used in photovoltaic power generation systems to help improve conversion efficiency and energy output, especially in changeable weather conditions, can significantly increase the power generation capacity of the entire system.
Solar power equipment
For example, solar lighting systems and solar water pumps, etc., use multi-point variable step control algorithms to ensure efficient operation under various environmental conditions.
Microgrid system
In a microgrid system, the combination of multiple photovoltaic power generation units can be coordinated using this algorithm to ensure the maximum energy utilization of the entire system.
conclusion
MPPT multi-point variable step control algorithm provides an effective technical scheme for improving the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation system. Its dynamic, intelligent characteristics enable the photovoltaic power generation system to quickly adapt to environmental changes, ensuring that it is always operating in optimal working condition. With the continuous development of photovoltaic technology, future research will be more in-depth, and strive to further optimize the algorithm, improve the intelligent level of the system, in order to promote the wide application of renewable energy and sustainable development.
Home energy storage product series
A lithium battery pack for home energy storage systems, which is compatible with solar panels and the sun The inverter can work together with the power grid to power household appliances, and it can also be used as a For off grid systems.
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